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Archaeologists and historians have struggled with migration for a long time. THANANIT - stock.adobe.com. Yamnaya culture or at least Proto-Indo-European Languages/Religions may actually relate back to North Asia? Die Jamnaja-Kultur ([jamnaja], aus russisch , ukrainisch , englisch Yamnaya culture; traditionell deutsch Grubengrab-oder Ockergrab-Kultur, englisch Pit grave culture) ist eine osteuropische archologische Kultur der spten Kupferzeit und frhen Bronzezeit im Gebiet um die Flsse Dnister, Bug und Ural in der pontischen Steppe. Many European cultures retained house spirits into the modern period. Such king gods are collectively categorized as sky father deities, with a polarity between sky and earth often being expressed by pairing a sky father god with an earth mother goddess (pairings of a skymotherwith an earthfatherare less frequent). For example, the Upper Paleolithic genomes from the Malta and Afontova Gora sites in southern Siberia revealed a genetic profile, often called Ancient North Eurasians (ANE), which is deeply related to Paleolithic/Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in Europe and also substantially contributed to the gene pools of present-day Native Americans, Siberians, Europeans and South Asians. Your email address will not be published. Sikora et al. This large subclade appears to encompass most of the R1a1a found in Asia, being related toIndo-European migrations(includingScythians,Indo-Aryan migrations,and so on). These Bronze Age population replacements are associated with theBeaker culturearchaeologically and with theIndo-European expansionlinguistically.ref, As a result of the population movements during the Mesolithic to Bronze Age, modern European populations are distinguished by differences in WHG, EEF, and ANE ancestry. Decoration consists of circumferential motifs: lines, bands, zig-zags or wavy lines, incised, stabbed or impressed with a comb. Cory needs our support. Based on their study, the researchers believe they have shown that the group from the Pontic Steppe was a relatively homogenous population that occupied large parts of Central Europe in the Early Bronze Age , reports Heritage Daily . (Paleo-Hebrew 3,000 years ago and Torah 2,500 years ago), Judaismis anAbrahamic, its roots as an organized religion in theMiddle Eastduring theBronze Age. Freud preferred to emphasize the psychoanalytic implications of the reification of metaphysical forces, but with particular emphasis on its familial nature. We dont really why these migrants moved hundreds of miles from their ancestral grasslands into the heart of Europe. Their descendents moved into Europe, becoming the Afanasievo in the Altai Montains and possibly China. Rational thinkers must examine the facts instead of blindly following beliefs or faith. (2009) found it to be present in modern European populations roughly between theRhinecatchment and theUral Mountainsand traced it to a founder effect that falls into the early Holocene period, 7.92.6 KYA.M458 was found in one skeleton from a 14th-century grave field inUsedom, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. (The first writing in the bible was Paleo-Hebrew dated toaround 3,000 years ago Khirbet Qeiyafais the site of an ancient fortress city overlooking the Elah Valley. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. This large subclade appears to encompass most of the R1a1a found in Europe. The wooden plows of the Catacomb culture (25001950 BCE) offer an archaeologicalterminus post quem. At present I am a. These migrants from the steppe filled the Hungarian Plain with earthen burial mounds called kurgans, permanent markers of their otherwise ephemeral presence. Its pretty obvious that these people, or individuals and groups related to them, moved. The teams innovative Bayesian phylogeographic analysis of Indo-European linguistic and spatial data, including basic vocabulary data from 103 ancient and contemporary Indo-European languages, decisively supports this theory. At least three deities, Tabiti, Papaios, and Api, are generally interpreted as having Indo-European origins, while the remaining have seen more disparate interpretations. Sanskrit is not even native for Indians and used for centuries only for religious purposes . This admixture was brought to Europe by Mongoloid people via Siberia. , the migration becomes even clearer: People buried in kurgans on the Hungarian Plain derived most or all of their ancestry from people who had lived on the steppe a few centuries (at most) before. My hypothesis with an explanation of this house (modern religions development). Genetic studies on Jewish DNA is not 6,000 years old but has origin links to about 20,000 to 30,000 years ago? It extends 8 thousand kilometers west to east (from the Black Sea to the Yellow Sea), spanning an area of 8 million sq. revealed with transposon display and interpretation to crop evolution of foxtail millet. *primal stage of organized religion is 13,000 years ago. A group of researchers have carried out a study of genomes from individuals who lived in the Late Neolithic era. We see styles of artifact and burial that are intrusive (meaning unlike older practices) to the new area, in this case the Hungarian Plain and to a lesser extent the Danube Valley. Some examples of these include: Although the cosmic status of household deities was not as lofty as that of theTwelve Olympiansor theAesir, they were also jealous of their dignity and also had to be appeased with shrines and offerings, however humble. So, I guess the question is to us all, to ask, how can power not carry responsibility in a humanity concept? *paganistAs I conceive it in a simplified way is to believe in spirit-filled life and/or afterlife can be attached to or be expressed in things or objects and these objects can be used by special persons or in special rituals can connect to spirit-filled life and/or afterlife who are guided/supported by a goddess/god or goddesses/gods(you are a hiddenpaganist/Paganism: an approximately 12,000-year-old belief system)And Gobekli Tepe: first human-made templeas well asCatal Huyuk first religious designed cityare both evidence of some kind of early paganism, to me. Between 2010-2012 I worked in the Limerick City Archives. Animal protector deities from old totems/spirit animal beliefs come first to me, 13,000/12,000 years ago, then women as deities 11,000/10,000 years ago, then male gods around 7,000/8,000 years ago. At the same time as the rise of the male god, 7,000 years ago, there was also the very time there was the rise of violence, war, and clans to kingdoms, then empires, then states. Different cultures have employed forms of astrology since at least the 2nd millennium BCE, these practices having originated incalendricalsystems used to predict seasonal shifts and to interpret celestial cycles as signs of divine communications. Religion Science and technology Other species include bread wheat and, The Sredny Stog culture seems to have had contact with the agricultural, , this pre-kurgan archaeological culture could represent the, Examination of physical remains of the Sredny Stog people has determined that they were, . Mostly limited to anti-Abrahamic religions, I am an anti-religionist. The Yamnaya culture is significant for its role in the rise of the Indo-European languages. Typically for a Neolithic culture, the majority of their diet consisted of, , barley, and hemp, which were probably ground and baked as. [T]he existence of that worship does not admit of doubt. Each letter in Old Slavonic alphabet has a number and meaning which is a code basically. Some of the people buried in kurgans in Hungary, even those with typically steppe-style artifacts, have exactly zero genetic ancestry from the steppe. The Samara culture was an Eneolithic (Copper Age) culture that flourished around the turn of the 5th millennium BCE,[note 1] at the Samara Bend of the Volga River (modern Russia). After preliminary contamination tests, a sample of 96 individuals from the Late Stone Age was examined. It suggests that older groups continued without much admixture with the new groups and lived in parallel societies for centuries. *proto stage of organized religion is 10,000 years ago. We also demonstrate the formation of Early Neolithic and Bronze Age Baikal populations as the result of prolonged admixture throughout the eighth to sixth millennium BP. Because value-blindness gives rise to sociopathic/psychopathic evil. This parallels the practice of theCucuteni-Trypillia culture, and is in contrast with the laterYamnaya culture, which practicedtumuliburials. Western Steppe Herders - Wikipedia By the mid-2nd millennium BCE, the formation of the steppe belt cultures was completed, and these cultures continued to exist until relatively recently. While hallucinogens are associated with shamanism, it is alcohol that is associated with paganism. In the late 3rd millennium BCE, military-oriented stockbreeding societies emerged in Eastern Central Asia (Sayan-Altai and Mongolia). Mostly pro-agnostic, I am anti-agnostic. The Inner Asian Mountain Corridor as well as the Eurasian Steppe Corridor and Repetitious Migrations. Eleven out of 12 green foxtail accessions were grouped separately from the clusters of foxtail millet. Strongly agro-pastoralist economy (wheat, barley, millet). ref, The Sredny Stog culture seems to have had contact with the agricultural Cucuteni-Trypillian culturein the west, centered on modern-dayMoldova,and was a contemporary of theKhvalynsk culturein the north-east, located in the middleVolga region. Paganism was more than shamanism at first it was about the clan leader from 13,000 to 7,000 years ago then from 7,000 until 5, 500 was a time of proto kings and by 5,000 kings were a growing norm. And many believe the religious Jewish texts were completed around 2,500)ref,ref, Judaism is around 3,450 or 3,250 years old. Stars: Ancestors, Spirit Animals, and Deities (around 6,000 years ago, with connections to shamanism at 30,000 years ago and possibly further back to 40,000 years ago with totemism), 34,000 years ago Lunar Calendar Cave art around the Time Shift From Totemism to Early Shamanism, 34,000 years old Russan Sungir Early Totemistic-Shamanism, 31,000-25,000 years old Dolni Vestonice, Czech Republic Totemistic-Shamanism, Shamanism: an approximately 30,000-year-old belief system, Could the Phallus Phenomena (A Bull Horn) and the Shamanism Phenomena beginning around 30,000 years ago, Lenticular Cloud Formations may connect to Ancient House of Gods Mythology. They used their horses and chariots to conquer the European tribes. It is unclear what caused the Yamnaya culture to collapse. The classification identifies five basic types:Brahm, theHindudevaof creation, emerges from alotusrisen from the navel ofViu, who lies withLakshmion the serpentAnanta Shesha.ref, Marta Weiglefurther developed and refined this typology to highlight nine themes, adding elements such asdeus faber, a creation crafted by a deity, creation from the work of two creators working together or against each other, creation from sacrifice, and creation from division/conjugation, accretion/conjunction, or secretion.ref. Sky Father is a direct translation of the VedicDyaus Pita, etymologically descended from the sameProto-Indo-Europeandeity name as the GreekZes Paterand RomanJupiterand GermanicTr, Tir or Tiwaz, all of which are reflexes of the sameProto-Indo-Europeandeitys name,*Dyus Phtr. The cattle bones yielded lower and more variable values (5.8 to 9.3 ; range 3.5 ) than those of the sheep/goat (7.8 to 10.2 ; range 2.4 ; with an outlier with . Around 7,000 to 6,000 years ago, Star Constellations/Astrology have connections to the Kurgan phenomenon of below-ground mound stone/wood burial structures and Dolmen phenomenon of above-ground stone burial structures. 6000 BC. ref, Astrologyis a range ofdivinatorypractices, recognized aspseudoscientificsince the 18th century,that claim to discern information about human affairs and terrestrial events by studying the apparent positions ofcelestial objects. Spanish conquistadors couldn't believe their eyes while exploring the rugged terrain of the Andes during their invasion of Peru. Changes were initiated including unambiguous evidence of horse riding (prehistoric cavalry) and the introduction of metal weapons such as shafthole axes and spearheads. Indo-European language Trees fit an Agricultural expansion from Anatolia beginning 8,000 9,500 years ago. They lived in portable tents made from the skins of animals. I am a revolutionary that teaches in public, in places like social media, and in the streets. Often without realizing it, we accumulate beliefs that we allow to negatively influence our lives. Permic and Volgaic speakers have a wide diversity of N1c subclades, including N1c1a1 (L708), N1c1a1a (L1026), N1c1a1a1 (VL29), N1c1a1a2a (Z1935), and N1c2b (P43). These two cultures were followed by the Srubnaya culture (18001200BCE or 3,821-3,221 years ago). ref, The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans, and the Pontic-Caspian steppe is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language. ref, Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the theorized common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. A century ago, it was a catch-all explanation for any change in the material record. Among the material recovered from the fired clay used in the floors of Cucuteni-Tripolye dwellings, imprints of hulled wheat, naked six-row barley, and hulled barley have been recovered, although the latter was only rarely represented. Animism: an approximately 100,000-year-old belief system? Throughout much of Eurasia, a single pastoralist culture that thrived between 4,000 and 5,000 years ago left behind an indelible genetic imprint . Milk was an important source of nutrition for Yamnaya people, providing them with essential fats and proteins. To study the genetic structure and kin relations in CWC communities, we . A similar physical type prevails among the, , who were tall and powerfully built. Then material was taken from the teeth and petrous bone of the samples and dissolved in a liquid. That family includes English, Latin and its descendants, Russian, Sanskrit, Hindi, Persian, and dozens of others, spoken by billions of people around the world today. In Mesopotamia, the goddessNintinugga, associated with healing, was accompanied or symbolized by dogs. Iran Neolithics were later replaced by Iran Chalcolithics, who were a mixture of Iran Neolithic and Near Eastern Levant Neolithic.ref, Ancient Beringian/Ancestral Native Americanare specific archaeogenetic lineages, based on the genome of an infant found at the Upward Sun River site (dubbed USR1), dated to 11,500 years ago. Then around 4,000 years ago monotheism emerges. On this basis,David W. Anthonyargues that theIndo-European languageswere originally spoken by EHGs. ref, ref, In the earlier horizon of Mikhailovka site, impressions of emmer wheat, hulled barley, and millet have been identified in nine potsherds out of 2491, suggesting that agriculture might have been part of the subsistence economic activities. A similar physical type prevails among theYamnaya, who were tall and powerfully built. Most linguists argue that the PIEs (Proto-Indo-Europeans) did have words for wheel. In reality, this distinction is somewhat academic, since totemism may be regarded as a particularized manifestation of animism, and something of a synthesis of the two positions was attempted by, , both totem and taboo are outward expressions or manifestations of the same psychological tendency, a concept which is complementary to, or which rather reconciles, the apparent conflict. These grains, found in small amounts, may have been eaten or employed in rituals of some kind. They were also worshiped as deities. They have also made typological comparisons. Haplogroup N and its related Uralic Languages and Cultures, Ainu people, Smi people, Native Americans, the Ancient North Eurasians, and Paganistic-Shamanism with Totemism. Burial Mounds in Serbia Reveal Skeletons of 5,000-Year-Old Painted Men This scenario implies that Indo-Anatolian was originally rich in agricultural vocabulary, but that this part of the lexicon was largely lost in core Indo-European during an economic transformation from sedentary farmers to mobile pastoralists. Such king gods are collectively categorized as , deities, with a polarity between sky and earth often being expressed by pairing a sky father god with an , are less frequent). Sacred Bulls, the Moon, and Fertility begins at least around 35,000 years ago? Yamnaya people were pastoralists who relied on herding sheep, goats, and cattle. Refugees fleeing oppression or an environmental disaster look quite a bit different than a group of elite warriors seeking to conquer territory and impose themselves on the current inhabitants. A Yamnaya skeleton from a grave in the Russian steppe, which was the homeland of men who migrated to Europe. (2009) also reports a surprisingly high frequency of M458 in someNorthern Caucasianpopulations (for example 27.5% amongKarachaysand 23.5% amongBalkars, 7.8% amongKaranogaysand 3.4% amongAbazas). ref, HaplogroupN1cis found chiefly in north-eastern Europe, particularly in Finland (61%), Lapland (53%), Estonia (34%), Latvia (38%), Lithuania (42%), and northern Russia (30%), and to a lower extent also in central Russia (15%), Belarus (10%), eastern Ukraine (9%), Sweden (7%), Poland (4%) and Turkey (4%). They burned forests to create grazing land until about 2000 BC when they began to settle down. Our data thus suggest a WesternEurasian steppeorigin for at least part of the ancient Xinjiang population. 30 Likes, 0 Comments - Culture Street (@culture.st) on Instagram: "True Religion [Section Ricky] SOLD Talla 34 [Ancho 47cm x Largo 111cm] Prenda en perfecto" In northern Greece a dark age from 3800-3300 BCE followed, during which settlements became scarce and people returned to dispersed herding economies. ref, The CucuteniTrypillia culture was a society ofsubsistencefarmers. Show six:Emergence of hierarchy, sexism, slavery, and the new male god dominance:Paganism 7,000-5,000 years old: related to Anarchism and Socialism (Capitalism) (World War 0) Elite and their slaves! Admixture rates varied geographically; in the late Neolithic, WHG ancestry in farmers in Hungary was at around 10%, in Germany around 25%, and in Iberia as high as 50%. The Samara culture was an Eneolithic culture of the early 5th millennium BCE[note 1] at the Samara bend region of the middle Volga, at the northern edge of the steppe zone. Who Destroyed the Great Library of Alexandria? From there, further linguistic divergence led to the evolution of their current descendants, the modern Indo-European languages. The Yamnaya diet was based on milk and dairy products. 3,700 years ago or so, the oldest of the Hindu Vedas (scriptures), the Rig Veda was composed. There is a 1500 year gap between the Yamnaya (3300-2800 bc) and the Tumulus and Urnfield (1300 bc) cultures, which can be seen as the earliest Celtic cultures or ancestral to the Celtic culture. Neopagans often apply it with impunity to sky goddesses from other regions who were never associated with the term historically. Also, recent archaeogenetic studies trace multiple large-scale trans-Eurasian migrations over the last several millennia using ancient inner Eurasian genomes, including individuals from the Eneolithic Botai culture in northern Kazakhstan in the 4thmillennium BCE. Among these tools, many are related to agricultural activities: querns, grinders, pestles, and stone disks, let to believe that this community was a permanent settlement based on primitive hoe agriculture. ref, Moreover, it appeared that millet was widely consumed in the Yamnaya populations. Dakiniis the patron of those who seek knowledge.ref. We know it happened: People move now, theyve moved at every stage of the past for which we have reliable information, and theyve often done so over long distances with the intention of permanently finding a new home. Knowledge without Belief? These results are even earlier than in other parts of Europe, including Britain, Germany and Iberia. Many religions, bothpolytheisticandmonotheistic, havedeitiesassociated with the sky.ref, Incomparative mythology,sky fatheris a term for a recurring concept inpolytheisticreligions of asky godwho is addressed as a father, often the father of apantheonand is often either a reigning or formerKing of the Gods. Haplogroup N1c1 is strongly associated with Uralic peoples, whis is divided in the following families. The carrier slung the pots over the shoulder or onto an animal. Romeitself was protected by a goddess whose name was to be kept ritually secret on pain of death (for a supposed case, seeQuintus Valerius Soranus). They originated in Manchuria and carriedY-haplogroup N1c. The Yamnaya (Pit-grave) culture was succeeded in its western range by the Catacomb culture (28002200BCE or 4,821-4,221 years ago); in the east, by the Poltavka culture (27002100BCE or 4,721-4,121 years ago) at the middle Volga. The researchers state in Nature Communications that they detected an arrival of ancestry related to Late Neolithic pastoralists from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe in Switzerland as early as 28602460 BC.. How Asian nomadic herders built new Bronze Age cultures - Science News by Damien AtHope | Dec 31, 2021 | Blog | 0 comments, Groups partially derived from the Ancient North Eurasians, The ANE lineage is defined by association with the MA-1, or Malta boy, remains of 24,000 years ago in central Siberia Malta-Buret culture 24,000-15,000 years ago. A successive potential proxy is the Babyno culture (22001700 BCE), whose similarities to the Epi-Corded Ware of the Carpathian region suggest an East-Central European origin, The Eurasian steppe belt is a region peculiar for its nomadic and semi-nomadic stockbreeding cultures. Religions, as we think of them today, are a new fad, even if they go back to around 6,000 years in the timeline of human existence, this amounts to almost nothing when seen in the long slow evolution of religion at least around 70,000 years ago with one of the oldest ritual worship. May we all be the ones doing good actions in the world, to help human flourishing. The researchers from the University of Helsinki and other European institutions date the earliest horsemanship to 3000 BC to 2500 BC among members of the Yamnaya culture. Both of these individuals are genetically most similar to geographically close modern populations from the Amur Basin, all speaking Tungusic languages, and, in particular, to the Ulchi. In NorthEast IndiaMeitei mythologyandreligion(Sanamahism) ofManipur, there are various types of tutelary deities, among whichLam Laisare the most predominant ones. And in this sense, they go beyondetiological myths(which explain specific features in religious rites, natural phenomena, or cultural life). They found that a larger group of immigrants from the Pontic Steppe changed the genetic make-up of the area. Devascan also be seen as tutelary. Before me no god was formed, nor will there be one after me. This genocide in Spain by the Yamnaya culture took place during the bronze age. Who were the Groups migrating and merging with the previous Groups of Europe? In someCanaaniteandUgariticsources, l played a role as father of the gods, of creation, or both. Yamnaya households were small, consisting of only two or three families. They often are consideredsacredaccounts and can be found in nearly all knownreligious traditions. This little island of grassland in the middle of Europe became their new home. How A Handful of Yamnaya Culture Nomads Became the Fathers of Europe The later stages of the Samara culture are contemporaneous[2] with its successor culture in the region, the early Khvalynsk culture (47003800 BCE),[5][note 1] while the archaeological findings seem related to those of the Dniepr-Donets II culture[2] (5200/50004400/4200 BCE).[6]. The evidence for this comes from linguistic paleontology: in particular, certain words to do with the technology of wheeled vehicles are arguably present across all the branches of the Indo-European family; and archaeology tells us that wheeled vehicles arose no earlier than this date. The link between the five groups in the family has been hotly contested, but researchers say there is archaeological and genetic evidence to support the theory. ref, Bone or Flesh: Defleshing and Post-Depositional Treatments at Krtik Tepe (Southeastern Anatolia, PPNA Period): https://www.academia.edu/8530779/Bone_or_Flesh_Defleshing_and_Post_Depositional_Treatments_at_K%C3%B6rtik_Tepe_Southeastern_Anatolia_PPNA_Period_?email_work_card=title, Life, death and the emergence of differential status in the Near Eastern Neolithic: Evidence from Kfar HaHoresh, Lower Galilee, Israel: https://www.academia.edu/8748426/Life_death_and_the_emergence_of_differential_status_in_the_Near_Eastern_Neolithic_Evidence_from_Kfar_HaHoresh_Lower_Galilee_Israel?email_work_card=title, Investigating the influence the domestication of animals had on the animal symbolism of the Neolithic Near East: https://www.academia.edu/10373183/Investigating_the_influence_the_domestication_of_animals_had_on_the_animal_symbolism_of_the_Neolithic_Near_East?email_work_card=title, Heady Business: Skulls, Heads, and Decaptitation in Neolithic Anatolia and Greece: https://www.academia.edu/556095/Heady_Business_Skulls_Heads_and_Decaptitation_in_Neolithic_Anatolia_and_Greece?email_work_card=title, Anarchism and the Archaeology of Anarchic Societies: Resistance to Centralization in the Coast Salish Region of the Pacific Northwest Coast: https://www.academia.edu/2045039/Anarchism_and_the_Archaeology_of_Anarchic_Societies_Resistance_to_Centralization_in_the_Coast_Salish_Region_of_the_Pacific_Northwest_Coast?email_work_card=title, Is it goddess or bear? The Steppe theory was first formulated byOtto Schrader(1883) andV. Gordon Childe(1926),then systematized in the 1950s byMarija Gimbutas, who used the term to group various prehistoric cultures, including theYamnaya(or Pit Grave) culture and its predecessors. The Yamnaya were a nomadic people who brought livestock with them and used horses to pull wagons that carried all their belongings. Yamnaya is derived from the Yamna horizon, the name given to the late Copper Age/Early Bronze Age sites where Yamnaya remains have been found. Lower Mikhaylovka culture is named after an early Yamnaya cultureor theYamna culturesite of the latecopper ageof the lowerDnieper River, noted for its fortifications. Migrants almost never leap blindly into a new land; they operate on the basis of information flows about what they can find, and existing connections to help them along their way. There are some obvious gender associations in artifacts and possible gender-involved religious beliefs but thoughtful feminist archaeologists do not pounce on every representation of a woman and pronounce that it is a goddess. Then the development of religion increased around 600,000 years ago with proto superstition and then even to a greater extent around 300,000 years ago with progressed superstition. That is still how I see it and there are other archaeologists that think close to me as well. "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans, and the Pontic-Caspian steppe is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language. Some have seen the beginning of the horse sacrifice in these remains, but this interpretation has not been more definitely substantiated. Yamnaya - The Prehistoric Culture that Contributed to Europe's Genetic And Western Steppe Herdergenetic cluster was a result of mixing betweenEastern Hunter-Gatherers(9% to up to 75%Ancient North Eurasian) from Eastern Europe andCaucasus hunter-gatherers(CHGs). Progressed organized religion(Egypt: 5,000 years ago) withCURRENT World RELIGIONS(after 4,000 years ago). Sanskrit is not even native for Indians and used for centuries only for religious purposes . The Yamnaya migration is one of the most straightforward examples we find in the distant human past. A main sky goddess is often the queen of the gods and may be an air/sky goddess in her own right, though she usually has other functions as well with sky not being her main. Some migrations are heavily biased toward young, unattached men; others consist of entire family units. Creation myths address questions deeply meaningful to the society that shares them, revealing their centralworldviewand the framework for the self-identity of the culture and individual in a universal context. A more recent study by Cooke et al. Related sites are Varfolomeyevka on the Russian-Kazakh border[3] (5500 BCE), which has parallels in Dzhangar (Kalmykia),[4] and Mykol'ske, on the Dnieper. The Origin of Language: Starts in Symbolism Around 100,000 years ago, to Early Proto-Writing 44,000-5,000 years ago with Unrealized Connections, Rock crystal stone tools 75,000 Years Ago (Spain) made by Neanderthals, Prehistoric Child Burials Begin at Least Around 78,000 Years Ago, Similarities and differences in Animism and Totemism.

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yamnaya culture religion